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What are the transaction fees on Stellar?

Transaction fees on the Stellar network are typically 100 stroops (0.00001 XLM), which equals less than $0.00001 USD. This allows sub-cent micropayments without fees eroding revenue.

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How does replay protection work?

The settlement-verifier contract maintains a monotonic counter (Nonce(Address, u64)) in persistent storage for every payer. When a transaction is submitted, the contract enforces: provided_nonce=current_nonce+1\text{provided\_nonce} = \text{current\_nonce} + 1 If a malicious actor intercepts and replays a signed header, the contract reverts with Error::InvalidNonce (code 4).

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What happens if an API request fails after payment?

In standard synchronous mode, the gateway verifies the authorization entry before forwarding. If the upstream service returns a 5xx error, the client can be issued an authorization credit or settlement can be executed optimistically via a batch relayer.

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Which networks are supported?

  • stellar:testnet: For staging and integration testing.
  • stellar:pubnet: Mainnet production.
  • stellar:futurenet: For bleeding-edge protocol preview features.

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Do AI agents need lumens (XLM) to pay in USDC?

Using Soroban authorization entries (authEntryXdr), the agent only signs the authorization to transfer token balance. The merchant or gateway relayer submits the transaction envelope and pays the nominal fee lumens, enabling gasless agent payments.